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Reproductive efficiency is measured by the number of calves weaned by the cow herd on a yearly basis. Reproductive efficiency is the single most important factor in the cow calf operation and is considered the most economically important trait in cattle production. Several management practices influence reproductive efficiency and therefore it is very complex. Heifer management, herd health, nutrition, bull management, calving ease, cow body condition, breed, environment and several factors influence reproductive efficiency of a beef cattle herd. Managing for a high reproductive rate in the herd includes selecting males and females that reach puberty at an earlier age, have a high reproductive rate, and have minimal calving difficulty. To minimize reproductive losses, management inputs include keeping animals healthy, provide adequate nutrition, selection of genetically superior animals and producer attention at calving. All females in the breeding herd weaning a calf is the key endpoint to a successful cow-calf operation. Two goals a producer should have in managing the cow herd for reproduction is obtain a calf from each breeding female in the herd every year and concentrate the breeding/calving season in a short period of time. This can be done through culling of non-productive females every year and having bulls semen checked every year (Breeding Soundness Exam), in addition to the management inputs to minimize reproductive losses listed above. Reproductive Tract Anatomy and Physiology Body Condition Estrous Synchronization and Artificial Insemination Heat Detection Dystocia |
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